IG1 Lecture 2: Roles and Responsibilities of Employers and Workers

📖 Introduction

Workplace health and safety is a shared responsibility. Everyone — from top management to the newest worker — plays a role. When responsibilities are clear, risks are reduced, and safety culture becomes stronger.


🎯 Learning Outcomes

By the end of this lecture, you should be able to:
✅ Outline the duties of employers, managers, supervisors, and workers
✅ Explain why consultation and communication are essential
✅ Describe the role of contractors and regulators in health and safety


🏢 Employer’s Responsibilities

Employers have the primary duty of care toward employees and others. Their key responsibilities are:

  • 🛠️ Provide safe workplaces, equipment, and systems of work

  • 📋 Conduct risk assessments and apply control measures

  • 📚 Provide training, information, and supervision

  • 🚨 Ensure emergency procedures are ready

  • 🗣️ Consult workers on safety issues

Failing in these duties can result in injuries, legal penalties, and reputational harm.


👨‍💼 Manager & Supervisor Responsibilities

Managers and supervisors act as the bridge between policies and workers. They must:

  • 📢 Communicate safety policies and procedures

  • 👀 Ensure control measures are followed

  • 📊 Monitor performance and report issues

  • 🌟 Lead by example and encourage safe behavior


👷 Worker Responsibilities

Workers also share responsibilities:

  • 🤝 Take reasonable care of their own safety and that of others

  • 🧤 Use PPE and equipment correctly

  • 📏 Follow safe systems of work

  • 🚩 Report hazards and incidents

  • 👂 Cooperate with employer’s safety efforts


🛠️ Contractor Responsibilities

Contractors must:

  • 📝 Provide risk assessments and safe method statements

  • 👷 Ensure their workers are competent and trained

  • 📜 Follow client rules and site procedures

  • 🔄 Cooperate and communicate with host employers

Poor contractor management is a frequent cause of incidents, so expectations must be crystal clear.


🏛️ Regulators and Enforcement Agencies

Government regulators play a critical role:

  • 🔎 Inspect workplaces

  • 🕵️ Investigate accidents

  • ⚠️ Issue notices or fines

  • ⚖️ Prosecute serious breaches


💡 Why Clear Roles Matter

Without defined roles:

  • Hazards get ignored

  • Workers assume “someone else will fix it”

  • Managers delay action

✅ Clear responsibilities = stronger accountability, faster response, and a safer workplace.


📌 Case Snapshot

On a construction site, PPE use declined because supervisors thought safety officers were responsible for checks. Once roles were clarified, supervisors enforced PPE daily, compliance improved in a week, and near-miss incidents dropped.


📝 Mini Quiz

1️⃣ Name three responsibilities of employers.
2️⃣ List two responsibilities of workers.
3️⃣ Why is role clarity important in health and safety?


🔑 Summary

Health and safety is a team effort:

  • Employers provide safe systems and training

  • Managers and supervisors ensure compliance

  • Workers follow rules and report hazards

  • Contractors align with client safety systems

  • Regulators enforce standards

When every role is clear, accidents fall, and safety culture grows stronger.


🚀 What’s Next in IG1

Lecture 3: Health and Safety Management System – Overview
We’ll explore the framework for managing health and safety step by step.